Mini-review: Development of High-throughput Omics Resources for Aquaculture Nutrition
Keywords:
Aquaculture Nutrition, Omics, Advanced functional feeds, Metabolic pathways, BiomarkersAbstract
Enhanced growth, immunity, and resilience are highly sought-after phenotypic traits in aquaculture. In current practice, feeds are purposefully formulated to include ingredients that promote these traits while striving for low production costs, complying with sustainability, and more recently, social license. The use of omics technologies in aquaculture has significantly increased in the last decade with transcriptomics being the most commonly employed tool to infer animal responses to diet or disease challenge. However, by combining transcriptomics with proteomics and metabolomics, it is now plausible to evolve aquaculture nutrition from the viewpoints of enhanced growth and survival to the development of premium advanced functional feeds that help to attain all desired phenotypes. Close proximity of proteins and metabolites to the desired phenotype makes proteomics and metabolomics coupled to bioinformatics a powerful trinomial tool to elucidate functional perturbations in an organism under specific circumstances at a given time. Collectively, omics technologies have unveiled new knowledge regarding specific biomarkers and metabolic pathways associated with specific dietary components or disease challenges across several aquaculture research domains and contributed to defining the future of sustainable aquaculture.
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