Bacteriófagos: Herramientas de control biológico para una acuicultura sostenible
Palabras clave:
Bacteriófagos, Acuicultura, Fagoterapia, lítico, lisógenosResumen
La terapia con fagos, trata infecciones bacterianas con bacteriófagos solos o en combinación con antibióticos tradicionales, se ha demostrado en casos de emergencia en diversos países; sin embargo, para que un bacteriófago sea útil para la terapia, debe aislarse del medio ambiente y demostrar que tiene ciertas características más allá de simplemente lisar cepas patogenas (bacteriana diana). Esto incluyen características deseables tales como un rango de hospedadores relativamente amplio y la capacidad de formar un lisógeno. Algunas de estas variaciones son utilizadas regularmente por algunos grupos de investigación. En esta revisión, describimos (1) los procedimientos de aislamiento y las variaciones que están diseñadas para aislar fagos con rangos de hospedadores más amplios, (2) los procedimientos de caracterización utilizados para mostrar que un fago puede tener utilidad en la terapia con fagos, incluidos algunos de los límites de dicha caracterización y (3) las advertencias de análisis esenciales para obtener genomas de alta calidad, excluyendo candidatos no deseados, evaluando rigurosamente la seguridad de un genoma de fagos y evaluando la contaminación de secuenciación. Este flujo de trabajo se ha desarrollado de acuerdo con los estándares de la comunidad para la secuenciación de alto rendimiento de genomas virales, así como los principios para los fagos ideales utilizados para la terapia. Proponemos estas pautas como un estándar mínimo como nuevos candidatos a fármacos en investigación.
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