Avances en el Requerimiento de Vitaminas en Peces Marinos
Palabras clave:
vitaminas, peces marinosResumen
A escala global se están realizando esfuerzos por cultivar diversas especies de peces marinos con el objeto de tratar de cubrir la demanda de proteína del futuro. Uno de los problemas que enfrenta este objetivo es contar con alimentos adecuados que cubran los requerimientos nutricionales de cada una de las etapas de crecimiento de las especies que se pretende llevar a escala comercial. La mayoría de los esfuerzos de investigación en nutrición de peces marinos se centra principalmente en las proteínas y los ácidos grasos esenciales, y muy poco se ha hecho en cuanto a vitaminas y minerales. La falta de conocimiento en el requerimiento ocasiona que se usen las dietas de otros peces tratando de cubrir las necesidades nutricionales de la especie. En el caso de las vitaminas, la más estudiada es la vitamina C debido a su alta inestabilidad. Se demuestra en base a estudios realizados con diversas especies, que los requerimientos de vitamina C para juveniles con pesos de 3 a 30 g, varía de 15 a 118 mg kg-1 de AA basado preferentemente en ganancia de peso, por lo que no es factible usar el mismo requerimiento para todas ellas. Este trabajo tiene como fin, sin querer ser una revisión exhaustiva de los requerimientos conocidos de vitaminas en peces marinos, mencionar algunos de ellos y hacer hincapié en la importancia que tiene el seguir realizando dichos estudios pues aunque parezca en muchas ocasiones trillado el camino de la investigación para conocer los requerimientos y que pareciera que ya no se van a encontrar nuevos conocimientos, se siguen obteniendo nuevos hallazgos sobre el papel de cada una de ellas.Descargas
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