BIOENERGÉTICA EN LA FORMULACION DE DIETAS Y ESTANDARES DE ALIMENTACION PARA LA ACUACULTURA DEL SALMON: PRINCIPIOS, MÉTODOS Y APLICACIONES
Palabras clave:
, peces, nutrición, energética, dietas, alimentación, desechos.Resumen
Formular una dieta significa traducir los requerimientos de nutrientes, en términos de una mezcla balanceada de ingredientes, en un alimento para un cierto grupo de animales. Las dietas por lo tanto, deben cubrir las necesidades diarias de energía y nutrientes para sostener el mantenimiento, crecimiento y reproducción del animal cuando se alimenta ad libitum o a un nivel cercano a la saciedad. Sin embargo, el consumo de alimento o la distribución del alimento esta determinado primeramente por la concentración de nutrientes biodisponibles productores de energía (principalmente proteína y lípidos en dietas para salmón). El éxito en las formulaciones de dietas y el desarrollo de estándares de alimentación puede lograrse por una comprensión de la bioenergética o energética nutricional. Debe ponerse un mayor énfasis sobre la determinación del coeficiente de digestibilidad de energía y proteína en los ingredientes de los alimentos. La optimización del balance proteína: energía en dietas formuladas para maximizar el metabolismo y el contenido de energía neta en dietas completas es el próximo paso para mejorar la eficiencia nutricional y económica. Este paso es particularmente esencial en el contexto de las recientes prácticas de alimentación con dietas altas en energía (grasa), las cuales también disminuyen la contaminación generada por operaciones acuícolas.Los principios y procedimientos de los estudios de bioenergética sobre formulas dietarias y regímenes alimenticios en términos de eficiencia nutricional, costo-beneficio y efectos positivos-negativos serán discutidos para varias dietas experimentales.Descargas
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