Development of Computer Models for Fish Feeding Standards and Aquaculture Waste Estimations: A Treatise
Resumen
Feeding guides for salmonids have been available from various sources for many years. These guides have originated in
one way or another from earlier feeding charts of 1950-60s when meal-meat mixture diets were widely used. Few of the
feeding guides available today are based on actual bioenergetic data at different water temperatures and are adapted to
high energy diets.
New feeding standards have been developed by Cho et al. (1976, 1980, 1982, 1990 and 1992) and these are based on
principle of nutritional energetics in which the digestible energy content of diet, digestible protein and energy ratio, and
the amount of digestible energy required to produce per unit of live weight gain. The gain expressed as retained energy
in carcass and maintenance energy at different water temperatures is the main criteria for daily energy and feed
allocations.
Using past production records as a starting point, ration allowance and waste outputs can scientifically be tabulated
based on the following concepts: Prediction of growth and nutrient/energy gains, estimation of faecal and
metabolic waste outputs and allocation of energy and nutrient needs.
Series of bioenergetic models were developed and a stand-alone multimedia computer program (Fish-PrFEQ) for the
Windows™ platform was written in MS Visual C++.NET language with database functionality. This program predicts
energy, nitrogen and phosphorus retention and excretions to determine growth, feeding standards, waste output and
effluent water quality.
The Fish-PrFEQ program also contains modules for production records and data base management for input and output
data which may be exported for further data and graphic manipulations.
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