Uso de secuestrantes para disminuir la toxicidad de micotoxinas en alimentos para acuacultura
Palabras clave:
micotoxinas, alimentos, secuestrantes, biotransformadores, camarónResumen
La presencia de micotoxinas en alimentos para animales terrestres y acuáticos puede llegar a reducir significativamente el crecimiento, consumo de alimento, sobrevivencia e incrementar la tasa de conversión alimenticia así como causar afeccciones en el sistema inmune, por lo que pueden ser responsables de pérdidas económicas considerables. Para prevenir la contaminación de los ingredientes con micotoxinas durante su cultivo, cosecha y almacenamiento se han utilizado un sin número de procedimientos como buenas prácticas agrícolas, selección de semillas resistentes al ataque de hongos y a la formación de micotoxinas, uso de compuestos químicos durante el almacenamiento, remoción de micotoxinas por procesos físicos, etc., no obstante, en algunas ocasiones no se logra impedir la generación de estas toxinas. La inclusión de remediadores como: secuestrantes, biotransformadores y compuestos protectores son otras alternativas que permiten reducir al máximo la presencia de estas sustancias en los alimentos terminados o disminuir los estragos cuando los animales consumen alimentos contaminados con micotoxinas. En este trabajo se presenta una revisión general del uso de estos productos en alimentos para animales terrestres y acuáticos, incluyendo estudios de su efectividad in vivo así como consideraciones importantes al momento de incluirse en alimentos terminados.Descargas
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