Habilidad de tres especies de peces tropicales de hábitos carnívoros para utilizar carbohidratos: Robalo blanco (Centropomus undecimalis), Mero rojo (Epinephelus morio) y Pargo canané (Ocyurus chrysurus)
Keywords:
peces carnívoros, carbohidratos, metabolismo digestivo e intermediarioAbstract
El robalo blanco (Centropomus undecimalis), mero rojo (Epinephelus morio) y pargo canané (Ocyurus chrysurus) son peces de hábitos carnívoros con potencial para ser cultivados, son importantes comercial y recreativamente en el Golfo de México. Los avances en la investigación sobre los requerimientos nutricionales para el desarrollo de alimentos balanceados en estas especies reportan un alto requerimiento de proteína en el alimento (40-50%). Por lo tanto, la habilidad de estas especies de peces para utilizar carbohidratos (20%, almidón) ha sido objeto de estudio. Indicadores de eficiencia alimenticia, utilización metabólica y regulación del metabolismo digestivo e intermediario de la glucosa son discutidos en este escrito. El robalo blanco y pargo canané se adaptan digestivamente a los carbohidratos, pero no el mero rojo. El pargo canané experimenta condiciones agudas de hiperglucemia en estado postprandial en comparación con las otras especies. Las tres especies de peces exhiben un incremento en el potencial de glucolisis y reducción del potencial de gluconeogénesis después de consumir carbohidratos. El aprovechamiento nutricional de los carbohidratos por las tres especies se encuentra estrechamente relacionado con la activación de la enzima glucoquinasa (GK) o hexoquinasa IV. La concentración de carbohidratos en el alimento es un factor determinante en la activación de la enzima GK. El robalo blanco presenta una mayor habilidad para aprovechar nutricionalmente los carbohidratos en comparación con el mero rojo y pargo canané.
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