Uso Potencial de Flavonoides y Antocianinas en el Cultivo de Peces: Producción de Organismos Monosexados y Nutracéuticos
Palabras clave:
fitoquímicos, flavonoides, aromatasa, antocianinas.Resumen
La producción de peces monosexados es altamente deseable para el cultivo a nivel comercial, siendo el caso más relevante el de la tilapia (Oreochromis sp.) con la finalidad de controlar la reproducción en cultivo y seleccionar el género con mejor crecimiento. El procedimiento más común para la producción de peces monosexados es el uso de esteroides sintéticos, pero debido a las implicaciones de su uso con el ambiente y salud pública, hay una búsqueda de químicos alternativos. Varios fitoquímicos en particular flavonoides, presentan una serie de propiedades biológicas relevantes; en particular por su potencial uso como inhibidores de la aromatasa o antagonistas de los receptores de estrógenos dentro de las células. Este trabajo hace una breve descripción de trabajos recientes sobre el tema y hace mención de algunos experimentos que se han llevado a cabo, incluyendo datos obtenidos por el autor. Asimismo, se incluye información de su aplicación biológica como nutracéuticos o alimentos funcionales, en particular como antioxidantes. De igual forma se hace una mención especial de la posibilidad de utilizar fitoquímicos obtenidos de plantas, tal como el caso de las antocianinas presentes en la flor de Jamaica (Hibiscus sabdariffa), de amplio consumo y producción en México.Descargas
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