bioactive additives, carotenoids, retinoids, shrimp
Keywords:
bioactive additives, carotenoids, retinoids, shrimpAbstract
Additional efforts need to be devoted to understanding of the bioactive forms of non-produced
de novo metabolites such as carotenoids and their derived metabolites, retinoids in crustaceans. Dietary
carotenoids are the sole biological precursos of retinoids in animal systems. The results obtained in survival,
gonadosomatic and hepatosomatic index in treatments with carotenoids and retinol, demonstrated the
importance of carotenoids to yield retinal and retinol needed for significicantly better gonad development. A
rough correlation exists between the rate of retinal formation and the biological activity of the administered
carotenoids. The presence of 9-cis and 13-cis retinol in reproductive tissue of P. vannamei shrimp points-out
their role in the RXR receptors due to the previously reported function of these isomers in the binding
domains fo genes which induces growth and development by controlling the production of local morphogenic
signals by a nuclear receptor signaling pathway.
Downloads
References
Alava, V.R., Kanazawa, A., Teshima, S., Koshio, S., 1993. Effects of dietary vitamins A, E, and C on the ovarian
development of Penaeus japonicus, Nippon Sussian Gakkaishi, 59: 235-242.
Brody, T., 1999. Nutritional Biochemistry. Academic Press. New York. 1000pp.
Duester, G., 1996. Involvement of alcohol dehydrogenase, short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase, and cytochrome p450 in
the control of retinoid signaling by activation of retinoic acid synthesis. Biochemistry, 35: 12221-12227.
Durica, D., Chung, A., Hopkins, P., 1999. Characterization of EcR and RXR gene homologs and receptor expression
during the molt cycle in the crab, Uca pugilator. Amer. Zool. 39: 758-773.
Lakshman, M.R., Johnson, L.H., Okoh, C., Attlesey, M., Mydhkorsky, I., 1993. Conversion of all trans ß-carotene to retinal
by an enzyme from the intestinal mucosa of human neonates. J. Nutr. Biochem. 4: 659-663.
Mangelsdorf, D.J., Borgmeyer, U., Heyman, R.A., Zhou, J.Y., Ong, E.S., Oro, A.E., Evans, R.M., 1995. Characterization of
three RXR genes that mediate the action of 9-cis retinoic acid. Genes Dev. 6:329-344.
Meyers, S. P., Latscha, T., 1997. Carotenoids. In advances in world aquaculture. Vo.6. Crustacean Nutrition. World
Aquaculture Society.
Napoli, J.L., Horst, R.L., 1989. Quantitative analysis of naturally occurring retinoids. In: Redfern, Ch. (ed). Retinoid
protocols. Humana Press. New Jersey.
Petkovich, M., 1992. Regulation of gene expression by vitamin a: The role of nuclear retinoic acid receptors. Ann. Rev.
Nutr. 12: 443-471.
Schiedt, K., Bishop, S. Glinz, E., 1993. Recent progress on carotenoid metabolism in animals. Pure and App. Chem. 63: 89-
Takeuchi, T., Dedi, J., Haga Y., Seikai, T., Watanabe, T. 1998. Effect of vitamin A compounds on bone deformity in larval
Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus). Aquaculture, 169: 155-165.
Wolf, G. 1990. Recent Progres in vitamin A research: nuclear retinoic acid receptors and their interactions with gene
elements. J. Nutr. Biochem. 1: 284-289.
