Nuevos Avances en el Estudio de Fosfolípidos Nutrimentales para Camarón
Palabras clave:
Phospholipid nutrition of shrimpResumen
La suplementación dietética (1.6-5%) de fosfolípidos es necesaria para el crecimiento de varias especies de
camarón en los estadios larval y juvenil, así como para su incorporación a órganos reproductivos durante la
maduración sexual.
Las investigaciones recientes señalan que: 1) hay una interacción significativa del efecto de los fosfolípidos y el
colesterol dietético sobre el crecimiento de camarón; 2) una provisión suficiente de fosfolípidos aporta el
requerimiento de colina para crecimiento y no viceversa; 3) no se ha detectado una interacción significativa del
efecto de los fosfolípidos y los ácidos grasos altamente insaturados sobre el crecimiento de camarón, pero si
sobre el contenido de lípido en músculo de camarón y su sensibilidad a estrés osmótico.
Con base en avances recientes en la investigación científica de los fosfolípidos y las nuevas tendencias en el
cultivo de camarón, se considera que los siguientes aspectos requieren de mayores estudios: 1) el papel de los
fosfolípidos en sistemas de cultivo de camarón en agua de baja salididad y sin intercambio de agua; 2) la
relación entre los fosfolípidos y otros nutrientes de naturaleza lipídica tales como vitaminas liposolubles,
carotenoides y ácidos grasos altamente insaturados; 3) los componentes activos de los fosfolípidos de la
lecitina.
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