The Use of Concentrates and Other Soy Products in Shrimp Feeds
Palabras clave:
soy products, soybean protein concentrate, shrimp, amino acidsResumen
Soy products have continued to be employed in a range aquaculture feeds, principally
because they provide an acceptable source of amino acids at a very reasonable price.
Advances in processing have led to the production of higher protein content soy products,
namely soy protein concentrate (SPC) and protein isolate, which are manufactured by
selective removal of carbohydrates. The protein level of these ingredients is similar to that
of standard fish meal, although there are some important differences in amino acid profile.
This paper discusses the use of soy products, especially SPC, in aquaculture feeds, and
describes work conducted with SPC in diets for Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus
vannamei.
Two growth trials were conducted to ascertain the ability of SPC to replace fish meal in
shrimp diets. One trial was conducted indoors with flow-through water for eight weeks. In
this trial, SPC replaced 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% of high quality fish meal with and without
supplemental lysine (other indispensable amino acids were supplemented to all diets). In
the second experiment, fish meal was replaced completely by either corn gluten meal or
SPC. No amino acids were supplemented in any of these diets.
In the first trial, it was found that SPC could replace up to 75% of fish meal, although
supplementation of lysine improved overall shrimp performance at 25 and 50% fish meal
replacement. In the outdoor system, the final weight of shrimp fed the diet with complete
replacement of fish meal by SPC was not significantly different than the control, even
without indispensable amino acid supplementation. The result of this work indicates the
high nutritional value of soy protein concentrate and highlights the importance of
considering the culture system when conducting nutritional research.
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