Dietary feeding strategies for marine shrimp: a review
Resumen
In common with poultry or salmon, shrimp have a dietary requirement for 40 or so
essential nutrients (for review of the dietary nutrient requirements of shrimp see
Boonyaratpalin, 1996; Cuzon et al. 2004; Conklin & Tacon, 2001; D’Abramo, Conklin &
Akiyama, 1997; Kanazawa, 1995; O’Keefe, 1998; Shiau, 1998; Teshima et al., 1993;
Wang & Liang, 2001). However, in marked contrast to existing commercial poultry and
salmon farming operations where animals are raised almost exclusively within intensive
farming systems and fed nutritionally-complete artificially compounded diets for their
entire life cycle (Beveridge, 2004; Leeson & Summers, 1997), shrimp are currently
farmed under a wide range of different production systems and fed an equally diverse
array of different foods and feeding strategies throughout their life cycle (Cuzon et al.
2004; Jory et al. 2001; Tacon, 2002).
Descargas
Citas
Beveridge, M. (2004) Cage Aquaculture, 3rd edition, Blackwell Publishing 376p.
Boonyaratpalin, M., (1996). Nutritional requirements of commercially important shrimps in the tropics, pp10-
In: Santiago, C.B., Coloso, R.M., Millamena & Borlongan, I.G. (eds), Feeds for Small-Scale
Aquaculture. Proceedings of the National Seminar-Workshop on Fish Nutrition and Feeds.
Tigbauan, Iloilo, Philippines, 1-2 June 1994. Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Iloilo,
Philippines.
Bratvold, D., & Browdy, C.L. (2001). Effects of sand sediment and vertical surfaces (AquaMats) on
production, water quality, and microbial ecology in an intensive Litopenaeus vannamei culture
system. Aquaculture, 195(1-2):81-94.
Burford, M.A., Thompson, P.J., McIntosh, R.P., Bauman, R.H. & D.C. Pearson. (2004). The contribution
of flocculated material to shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) nutrition in a high-intensity, zeroexchange
system. Aquaculture, 232:525-537.
Conklin, D.E. & A.G.J. Tacon (Compilers). (2001). Source book of scientific publications (1976-1999) on
the Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei (Farfante & Kensley 1997), with particular reference
to nutrition and feeds. The Oceanic Institute, Waimanalo, Hawaii, 232p.
Cuzon, G., Lawrence, A.L., Gaxiola, G., Rosas, C. & J. Guillaume. (2004). Nutrition of Litopenaeus
vannamei reared in tanks or in ponds. Aquaculture, 235, 513-551
D’Abramo, L., Conklin, D.E. & Akiyama, D.M. (Editors) (1997). Crustacean Nutrition. Advances in
World Aquaculture. World Aquaculture Society Publication, Vol. 6, Baton Rouge, USA.
Decamp, O., Conquest, L., Forster, I. & Tacon, A.G.J. (2002). The nutrition and feeding of marine shrimp
within zero-exchange aquaculture production systems: Role of eukaryotic microorganisms, pp.79-
In: Microbial Approaches to Aquatic Nutrition within Environmentally Sound Aquaculture
Production Systems, C.S. Lee and P. O’Bryen (editors). The World Aquaculture Society, Baton
Rouge, Louisisana, USA.
Decamp, O., Cody, J., Conquest, L., Delanoy, G. & Tacon, A.G.J. (2003). Effect of salinity on natural
community and production of Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone), within experimental zero-water
exchange culture systems. Aquaculture Research, 34:1-11.
Devresse, B. (1995). Nutrient levels in some commercial shrimp feeds and feed ingredients of Asia and
Latin America – A comparative analysis, pp. 49-70. In: Proceedings of the Feed Ingredients Asia
’95. Singapore International Convention & Exhibition Centre, Singapore. 19-21 Sept. 1995. Turret
Group PLC, UK.
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) (2004a). FAO Fisheries Department,
Fishery Information, Data and Statistics Unit. Fishstat Plus: Universal software for fishery
statistical time series. Aquaculture production: quantities 1950-2002, Aquaculture production:
values 1984-2002; Capture production: 1950-2002; Commodities production and trade: 1950-
; Total production: 1970-2002, Vers. 2.30 (www.fao.org).
Jory, D.E, Cabrera, T.R, Dugger, D.M, Fegan, D., Lee, P.G., Lawrence, A.L., Jackson, C.J, McIntosh, R.P.
& Castaneda, J. (2001). A global review of shrimp feed management: status and perspectives,
pp.104-152. In: C.L. Browdy & D.E. Jory, eds, The New Wave, Proceedings of the Special
Session on Sustainable Shrimp Culture, Aquaculture 2001. The World Aquaculture Society, Baton
Rouge, LA, USA.
Lee, C.S. & P. O’Bryen (editors), (2002). Microbial Approaches to Aquatic Nutrition within
Environmentally Sound Aquaculture Production Systems. The World Aquaculture Society, Baton
Rouge, Louisisana, USA, 188p.
Leeson, S. & J.D. Summers. (1997), Commercial Poultry Nutrition, 2nd edition, University Books, 350p.
McIntosh, R.P. (1999). Changing paradigms in shrimp farming. II. Breeding and performance. The Global
Aquaculture Advocate, 2(6):36-39.
McIntosh, R.P. (2000a). Changing paradigms in shrimp farming. III. Pond design and operation
considerations. The Global Aquaculture Advocate, 3(1): 42-45.
McIntosh, R.P. (2000b). Changing paradigms in shrimp farming. IV. Low protein feeds and feeding
strategies. The Global Aquaculture Advocate, 3(2):44-50.
McIntosh, R.P. (2001). Changing paradigms in shrimp farming. V. Establishment of heterotrophic bacterial
communities. The Global Aquaculture Advocate, 4(1): 53-58.
McNeil, R. (2000). Zero exchange, aerobic, heterotrophic systems: key considerations. The Global
Aquaculture Advocate, 3(3), 72-76
Moss, S.M. (2002). Dietary importance of microbes and detritus in penaeid shrimp aquaculture, pp.1-18.
In: Microbial Approaches to Aquatic Nutrition within Environmentally Sound Aquaculture
Production Systems, C.S. Lee and P. O’Bryen (editors). The World Aquaculture Society, Baton
Rouge, Louisisana, USA.
Moss, S.M., Arce, S.M., Argue, B.J., Otoshi, C.A., Calderon, F.R.O. & Tacon, A.G.J. (2001). Greening of
the blue revolution: efforts toward environmentally responsible shrimp culture, p.1-19. In:
Browdy, C.L. & Jory, D.E. (editors), The New Wave, Proceedings of the Special Session on
Sustainable Shrimp Culture, Aquaculture 2001. The World Aquaculture Society, Baton Rouge,
LA USA.
Moss, S.M., Pruder, G.D., Leber, K.M. & Wyban, J.A., (1992). The relative enhancement of Penaeus
vannamei growth by selective fractions of shrimp pond water. Aquaculture, 101: 229-239.
O’Keefe, T. (1998). A guide to the formulation of practical diets for marine shrimp. International
Aquafeed, Issue 3, 1998, pp.10-15.
Shiau, S-Y. (1998). Nutrient requirements of penaeid shrimps. Aquaculture, 164:77-93.
Tacon, A.G.J. (1996). Nutritional studies in crustaceans and the problems of applying research findings to
practical farming systems. Aquaculture Nutrition, 1996 2:165-174.
Tacon, A.G.J. (2002). Global Review of Feeds and Feed Management Practices in Shrimp Aquaculture.
Report prepared under the World Bank, NACA, WWF and FAO Consortium Program on Shrimp
Farming and the Environment. Work in Progress for Public Discussion. Published by the
Consortium. 68 pages. (www.enaca.org/shrimp)
Tacon, A.G.J. (2004). Aquaculture 2002: over 50 million tonnes and climbing. International Aquafeed
Directory and Buyers Guide 2004. Turret RAI plc, Armstrong House, Uxbridge, Middlesex,
England, pp.2-8.
Tacon, A.G.J., J.J. Cody, L.D. Conquest, S. Divakaran, I.P. Forster & O.E. Decamp. (2002). Effect of culture
system on the nutrition and growth performance of Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei
(Boone) fed different diets. Aquaculture Nutrition, 8(2):121-139.
Teshima, S.-I., A. Kanazawa and Koshio, S., (1993). Recent developments in nutrition and microparticulate
diets of larval prawns. Bamidgeh, 45: 175-184.
Wang, Q. & Liang, M. (2001). Feeds and feeding of Chinese shrimp. International Aquafeed, Issue 2
(2001):11-14.
