Requirements for some Marine Fish Species with an Emphasis on Organic Ingredients
Palabras clave:
Temperate marine fishes, organic, requirements, warm water fishes, energeticsResumen
Actually some fish are well known as for their nutritional requirements such as salmon, red drum, grouper. There is consistent information on protein, lipid and sometimes energy. However, energy is under evaluated for species except salmonids. Some information is lacking on digestible energy for main ingredients, as well as for energy density of fish for some new candidate species such as Platax orbicularis, Centropomus undecimalis. Moreover, there is sometimes a discrepancy between the actual data on requirement and what is proposed in commercial feeds. Some company proposed a unique feed for marine specials (all in one) and some farmers select feeds not so in line with the real need of their species; lack of performances or lack of profitability of the production system. In terms of innovation the concept “organic” become more and more in favor for many producers or coordinating bodies to develop fish farming.Descargas
Citas
Albertini-Berhaut, J. and Vallet, F. 1979. Alimentary utilization of urea in mullet. Tethys 3.3: 677-680. Agriculture et environnement, 2013. N°113. www.agriculture-environnement.fr
Brown, PB., Davis, DA. and Robinson, EH. 1988. An estimate of the dietary lysine requirement of juvenile red drum. JWAS, 19:109-112.
Bureau, D, Azevedo, PA:, Tapia-Salazar, M. and Cuzon,G; 2000. Pattern and cost of growth and nurient deposition in fish and shrimp:potential implications. In Cruz-Suarez,E., Ricque, D., Tapia-Salazar, M. and Civera, R (Eds. Mem: del V Simp. Intl. de Nutricion acuicola, nov: 2000, Merida, Mexico, 111-140pp.
Castillo, A., de los Santos, N.A., Ferreira, A., Cuzon, G. and Gaxiola, G. 2013. Starch quality effected energy partitioning of wild juvenile Epinephelus morio. Aquaculture (submitted)
Cho, CY; Bureau, D P. 1995 Determination of the energy requirements of fish with particular reference to salmonids Journal of applied ichthyology/Zeitschrift fur angewandte Ichthyologie. Hamburg, Berlin11:141-163.
Chou, R. 1984 The effect of dietary water content on the feed intake, food conversion efficiency and growth of young seabass (Lates calcarifer Bloch).Singapore J. Primary Ind. 2.2:120-127.
Choubert, G., de la Noue, J. and Luquet, P. 1983 A new automatic quantitative collecting device for fish feces. Bulletin Français de la Pêche et de la Pisciculture 288: 68-72.
Corraze, G., Medale, F., Panserat, S. 2010. Nutrition and metabolism. Synthèses, 101-119.
Cowey, C B. 1995 Protein and amino acid requirements: A critique of methods Journal of applied ichthyology/Zeitschrift fur angewandte Ichthyologie. Hamburg, Berlin11:199-204.
Cuzon, G., Coatanea, D., Melard, J., Peignon, J M., Bard, F X. et al. 1975. First experiments on the rearing of tropical Carangidae in floating cages. /Presented at: 6. Annu. Meet. World Mariculture Society, Seattle, WA (USA).
Davis, D.A. and E.H. Robinson. 1987. Dietary phosphorus requirements of juvenile red drum Sciaenops ocellatus. J. World Aqua. Soc., 18(3), 129-136.
Davis, D.A., D. Jirsa and C.R. Arnold. 1995. Evaluation of soybean proteins as replacements for menhaden fish meal in practical diets for the red drum Sciaenops ocellatus. J. World Aqua. Soc., 26:48-58.
Davis, D.A., Lazo J.P. and Arnold C.R.. 1996. Effects of the utilization of medium-chain triglycerides on growth and body composition of the red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus). Aquaculture America 1996
Frazer and Davies, 2009. Nutritional requirements of cobia Rachycentrodon canadum: a review Doi 10.1111/j.1365-2109.02215x Aqua.Res: 40:1219-1234.
Gatlin III, D.M., Mackenzie D.S., Craig S.R.and Neill W.H. 1992. Effects of dietary Na chloride on red drum juveniles in waters of various salinities. The Progressive Fish-Culturist, 54:220-227.
Gatlin III, D.M., O’Connell J.P. and Sarpa J.. 1991.Dietary zinc requirement of the red drum, Sciaenops ocellatus. Aquaculture, 92:259-266.
Gaylord, T.G., and Gatlin III D.M.. 1996. Determination of digestibility coefficients of various feedstuffs for red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus). Aquaculture, 139:303-314.
Girin, M., Metailler, R. and Nedelec, J. 1977 Adaptation of young sole (Solea solea) to various inert diets after metamorphosis completion. 3. Meet. on Mariculture of the Working Group of the International Council for the Exploration of the Sea; Brest (France) Publ.by: CNEXO, Brest (France). 35-50.
-Craig, S.R., C.R. Arnold and G.J. Holt. 1994. The effects of enriching live foods with highly unsaturated fatty acids on the growth and fatty acid composition of larval red drum Sciaenops ocellatus. J. World Aqua. Soc., 25: 24-431.
Craig, S.R. and D.M. Gatlin, III. 1992. Dietary lysine requirement of juvenile red drum Sciaenops ocellatus. J. World Aqua. Soc., 23(2), 133-137.
Craig, S.R. and D.M. Gatlin, III. 1994. Choline and lecithin in the diet of juvenile red drum Sciaenops ocellatus. World Aquaculture ’94- New Orleans Book of Abstracts, WAS, Baton Rouge, 145.
Craig, S.R. and D.M. Gatlin, III. 1995. Dietary choline requirement of red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus). Aquaculture’95 - San Diego Book of Abstracts, WAS, Baton Rouge, 91.
Craig, S.R., W.H. Neill and D.M. Gatlin, III. 1995. Effects of dietary lipid and environmental salinity on growth, body composition, and cold tolerance of juvenile red drum Sciaenops ocellatus. Fish Physiol. Biochem., 14:49-61.
Craig, S.R., B. Washburn and D.M. Gatlin, III. 1997. Effects of lipid levels on weight gain, feed efficiency and liver composition of juvenile red drum, Sciaenops ocellatus. World Aquaculture ’97-Seattle Book of Abstracts, WAS, Baton Rouge, 92.
Holt, G.J., F. Sun, P. Lavens, P. Sorgeloos, E. Jasper and F. Ollevier. 1991. Lipase activity and total lipid content during early development of red drum Sciaenops ocellatus. Larvi ‘91, Special Publ. EAS, 15:30-33.
Jimenez-Martinez, L D; Alvarez-Gonzalez, CA; Tovar-Ramirez, D; Gaxiola, G; Sanchez-Zamora, A; et al. 2012Digestive enzyme activities during early ontogeny in Common snook (Centropomus undecimalis) Fish Physiology and Biochemistry38.2: 41-454.
Lee, H B; Guillaume, J; Chou, R., Cuzon, G; Heng, H H. et al. 1995 Methodology in the study of seabass (Lates calcarifer Bloch): Nutritional requirements in Singapore Journal of applied ichthyology/Zeitschrift fur angewandte Ichthyologie. Hamburg, Berlin11:302-308.
Lemos, D; Lawrence, AL; Siccardi, A J. 2009 Prediction of apparent protein digestibility of ingredients and diets by in vitro pH-stat degree of protein hydrolysis with species-specific enzymes for juvenile Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei Aquaculture295.1-2:89-98.
Leray, C. 1971. Experimental approaches to artificial feeding of some sea fish: present research of the teleost and aquaculture physiology group Report of the 1970 workshop on fish feed technology and nutrition organized by FAO/EIFAC in collaboration with the Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife a the warmwater fish cultural laboratories, Stuttgart, Arkansas, 7-19 September 1970.
Lochmann, R.T. and D.M. Gatlin III. 1993. Evaluation of different types and levels of triglycerides, singly and in combination with different levels of n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acid ethyl esters in diets of juvenile red drum, Sciaenops ocellatus. Aquaculture, 114:113-130.
Lochmann, R.T. and D.M. Gatlin. 1993. Essential fatty acid requirement of juvenile red drum Sciaenops ocellatus. Fish Physiology and Biochemistry, 12:221-235.
Lupatsch, I. and Kissil, GW.2003. Modeling of energy and nutrient budgets in intensive aquaculture systems Israeli Journal of Aquaculture/Bamidgeh 55.4: 224-225.
McGoogan, B.B. and R.C. Reigh. 1994. Apparent digestibility coefficients for common feed ingredients in diets for red drum, Sciaenops ocellatus. World Aquaculture ’94-New Orleans Book of Abstracts, WAS, Baton Rouge, 276.
McGoogan, B.B. and R.C. Reigh. 1996. Apparent digestibility of selected ingredients in red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) diets. Aquaculture, 141:233-244.
McGoogan, B.B., and D.M Gatlin III. 1997. Determination of protein and energy requirements of red drum, Sciaenops ocellatus, for maintenance and maximum growth. World Aquaculture ‘97-Seattle Book of Abstracts,WAS, Baton Rouge, 319.
-Metailler, R; Febvre, A; Alliot, E. 1973. Preliminary note on the essential aminoacids of tbe sea-bass Dicentrarchus labrax (Linne). Symposium on Brackishwater Aquaculture.
Metailler, R; Cadena-Roa, M; Person-Le Ruyet, J. 1983 Attractive chemical substances for the weaning of Dover sole (Solea vulgaris ): Qualitative and quantitative approach. J. World Maricult. Soc. 14: 679-684.
Moon, H.Y. and D.M. Gatlin III. 1991. Total sulphur amino acid requirement of juvenile red drum, Sciaenops ocellatus. Aquaculture, 95(1-2), 97-106.
Moon, H.Y., W.H. Neill and D.M. Gatlin. 1991. Evaluation of protein sources for red drum Sciaenops ocellatus diets. JWAS, 22:42A-43A.
Moon, H.Y.L. and D.M. Gatlin III. 1994. Effects of dietary animal proteins on growth and body composition of the red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus). Aquaculture, 120:327-340.
New, M., Tacon, G.J. and Csavas, I. 1993. Farm-made feeds. Proceed: Regional Expert Consultation on farm-made aquafeeds, dec. 1992, Bangkok, Thaïland, ed. New et al., 434pp
Oliva-Teles, A, 2000. Recent advances in european seabass and gilthead seabream nutrition. Aqua. Intl. 8:477-492
Parazo, MM. 1990. Effect of dietary protein and energy level on growth, protein utilization and carcass composition of Siganus guttatus Aquaculture, 25:86-49.
Person-Le Ruyet, J; Menu, B; Cadena-Roa, M; Metailler, R. 1983 Use of expanded pellets supplemented with attractive chemical substances for the weaning of turbot (Scophthalmus maximus). J. World Maricult. Soc.14: 676-678.
Sanz Brau, 1990. Sur la nourriture des jeunes thons rouges (Thynnus thynnus (L: 1758) des côtes du golfe de Valence. Rapp. Comm. Int. Sci. Mer Mediterr. 32, 274pp.
Wisner, BB., Capo, TR. And Cramer, J.1991. Comparison of four commercial aquaculture diets for red drum. JWAS 22:66A.
Yu, YY., Zhou, JB., Yu, M.and Li, MY. 2012. The nutritional composition and evaluation of wild and cultured Acrossochelius fasciatus. Fish. Sci. Shuichan Kexue, 31:207-219.
