Current Status of Lipid Nutrition of Pacific White Shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei.
Palabras clave:
Shrimp nutrition, Litopenaeus vannamei, lipids, fatty acids, phospholipidsResumen
In the Americas Litopenaeus vannamei is the leading farm-raised shrimp species. To
promote the expansion of this industry it is necessary to develop nutritionally complete
diets, therefore knowledge of the species’ nutritional requirements is essential, and so far,
incomplete. Early research on lipid nutrition was performed on closed thelycum species
like Marsupenaeus japonicus, Fenneropenaeus chinensis, F. indicus and Penaeus
monodon, while L. vannamei in contrast, is an open thelycum species. Because there are
differences in feeding habits among penaeids, even among developmental stages,
generalizations as to their nutritional requirements are most likely inaccurate. Some studies
have demonstrated that juvenile L. vannamei is able to satisfy its essential fatty acid
requirements with highly unsaturated fatty acids from either n-3 or n-6 families, which
showed higher nutritive value than polyunsaturated fatty acids. A significant interaction
between dietary PL and cholesterol on shrimp growth also has been observed. However,
research efforts are still needed to gain a better understanding of the metabolism of lipids in
shrimp, the interactions among themselves and with other nutrients, and to define
quantitative nutritional requirements for essential lipids throughout the life cycle of this
species.
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