Application of Stable Isotopes in Aquaculture Nutrition Research
Palabras clave:
Aquaculture, Nutrient flows, Stable isotopes, δ13C, δ15N, Live food, Fish meal substitutionResumen
The carbon and nitrogen contained in fish tissue originate from the diet of the animal. The ratio of the stable isotopes
(13C/12C, 15N/14N) of the diet is transferred (with a small, but important modification) to the tissue of the fish.
Therefore, the analysis of stable isotopes in fish tissues provides information on the isotopic composition of the
fish’s diet. This analysis is of special interest in semi-intensive aquaculture systems, in which the growth depends on
natural food as well as on compound feed, and in which alternative methods for the study of diet composition are
difficult to apply. Other fields for application of this method are the tracing of individual components from a
balanced diet in the metabolism of fish, e.g. the tracing of the metabolic fate of different protein (fish meal, plant
protein) in fish metabolism.
Descargas
Citas
Focken U (2001): Stable isotopes in animal ecology: The effect of ration size on the trophic shift of C and N isotopes
between feed and carcass. Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies 37(3):199-211.
Focken, U (2005): Stable isotopes as tracers for the metabolic routing of individual dietary components. Proceedings
of the Society of Nutrition Physiology 14:37.
Focken U (2007): Application of stable isotopes of carbon and nitrogen in aquaculture research. III International
Conference “Fishery”, Belgrade, Serbia, February 1-3, 2007 Markovic, Z. (ed.): Proceedings of the III
International Conference "Fishery", pp. 60-65.
Focken U, Becker K (1998): Metabolic fractionation of stable carbon isotopes: Implications for studies of the aquatic
food web using δ13C data. Oecologia 115:337-343.
Focken U, Schlechtriem C, Abel HJ, Becker K (1999): Evaluation of the relative contribution of natural food and
compound feed to fish growth based on δ13C and δ15N ratios. Isotopes Environ. Health Stud. 35:296-297.
Gaye-Siessegger J, Focken U, Abel HJ, Becker K (2003): Feeding level and diet quality influence trophic shift of C
and N isotopes in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies
(2):125-134.
Gaye-Siessegger J, Focken U, Muetzel S, Abel HJ, Becker K (2004): Feeding level and individual metabolic rate
influence δ13C and δ15N in carp. Oecologia 138:175-183.
Gaye-Siessegger J, Focken U, Abel HJ, Becker K (2004a): Individual protein balance strongly influences δ15N and
δ13C values in Nile Tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus.
Naturwissenschaften 91(2):90-93.
Gaye-Siessegger J, Focken U, Abel HJ, Becker K (2004b): Influence of dietary lipid content on the activity of
lipogenic enzymes in the liver and on the whole body δ13C values of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus
(L.). Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies 40(3):181-190.
Gaye-Siessegger J, Focken U, Abel HJ, Becker K (2005): Improving estimates of trophic shift in Nile tilapia,
Oreochromis niloticus (L.) using measurements of lipogenic enzyme activities in the liver. Comparative
Physiology and Biochemistry Part A, 140:117-124.
McCullagh JSO, Gaye-Siessegger J, Focken U (2008): Direct determination of δ13C of individual amino acids by
LC-IRMS in nutritional studies: First data on the effect of dietary non-essential amino acid profile on the
isotopic signature of individual amino acids in fish. Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry 22:1817-
Schlechtriem C, Focken U, Becker K (2004): Stable isotopes as a tool for nutrient assimilation studies on larval fish
feeding on live food. Aquatic Ecology 38:93-100.
Schlechtriem C, Focken U, Becker K (2005): Digestion and assimilation of the free-living nematode Panagrellus
redivivus fed to first feeding coregonid larvae.
Journal of the World Aquaculture Society 31(1):24-31.
Schroeder GL (1983a): Stable isotope ratios as naturally occurring tracers in the aquaculture food web. Aquaculture
:203-210.
Schroeder GL (1983b): Sources of fish and prawn growth in polyculture ponds as indicated by delta C analysis.
Aquaculture 35:29-42.
