Incremento al Valor Agregado de Salmónidos a Través de su Pigmentación con Colorantes Naturales
Resumen
En general es aceptado que el color de los salmónidos es uno de los más importantes
parámetros de calidad. Este color se debe a la incorporación de carotenoides de origen
dietario, por lo tanto en las granjas de cultivo de estas especies se debe proporcionar la
coloración roja-rosado a los peces, con la finalidad de satisfacer las expectativas del
consumidor. Las principales fuente de pigmentos en la dieta de salmonidos cultivados son
la astaxantina y la cantaxantina sintética, los cuales son utilizados debido a su eficiente
pigmentación y depositación, pero a un alto costo. Esto ha promovido la búsqueda de
nuevas fuentes pigmentantes de menor costo. En el presente trabajo se reseña los
principales resultados obtenidos por incorporar a la dieta astaxantina extraída de desechos
de camarón, levaduras, algas y plantas. Cada una de estas fuentes pigmentantes presenta
dificultades para su utilización comercial y la coloración obtenida por su utilización no
alcanza los resultados obtenidos con el uso de pigmentos sintéticos.
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